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In fact, the risk of not having a needed x-ray could be much greater than the risk from the radiation. But even small risks should not be taken if they're unnecessary. You can reduce those risks by telling your doctor if you are, or think you might be, pregnant whenever an abdominal x-ray is prescribed.
If you are pregnant, the doctor may decide that it would be best to cancel the x-ray examination, to postpone it, or to modify it to reduce the amount of radiation. Or, depending on your medical needs, and realizing that the risk is very small, the doctor may feel that it is best to proceed with the x-ray as planned. In any case, you should feel free to discuss the decision with your doctor.
During most x-ray examinations - like those of the arms, legs, head, teeth, or chest - your reproductive organs are not exposed to the direct x-ray beam.
So these kinds of procedures, when properly done, do not involve any risk to the unborn child. However, x-rays of the mother's lower torso - abdomen, stomach, pelvis, lower back, or kidneys - may expose the unborn child to the direct x-ray beam.
They are of more concern. If you need an X-ray on these parts of the body while pregnant, there is very little risk. Once your provider knows you're pregnant, they may recommend holding off or getting a different test. Even if they give you the go-ahead, let the technician running the test know. They may have extra precautions they take for pregnant women, such as covering your belly with a lead apron to protect the fetus from radiation exposure.
It's just as important to tell your provider and technician if you might be pregnant. They may ask you to take a pregnancy test first to confirm. So, if you've been actively trying or showing signs of pregnancy - like nausea, vomiting, or breast tenderness - say something.
In general, radiology tests are safe while breastfeeding after pregnancy. Even if you take a contrast - a temporary dye used in certain imaging tests - the amount of contrast that gets passed to your baby in breast milk is extremely low, so it's not considered risky. However, it's still a good idea to let your physician and the technician know if you're breastfeeding.
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